Manufacture of gas.



ETTORE DE FAZI, OF ROME, ITALY, ASSIGNOR TO A. PIATTI & 00., OF SAMEPLACE.

MANUFACTURE OF GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 641,444, dated January16, 1900. Applicati n filed February 8, 1897. Serial No. 622,559. (Nospecimens.)

T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ETTORE DE FAZI, a subject of the King of Italy,residing at 104 Via Nomentana, in the city of Rome, in the Kingdom ofItaly, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in theManufacture of Gas; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The subject of the present invention concerns the production of a gassuitable for heating, machinery, and illumination from calciumcarbid,calcium monoxid,and colophony.

When colophony is combined with unslaked lime and the latter is treatedwith water, the colophony will be commuted to gas when the slaking ofthe lime begins, if care is taken that the temperature issufficientlyhigh. This necessary elevation of temperature is obtainedmost advantageously by adding calcium carbid, which, as well known,yields a highly illuminating gas when treated with water. As the gasresulting from lime and colophony has but a very small illuminatingpower, the addition of carbid is recommended on this special reasonalso. Aside from this method of rendering the gas illuminating by meansof the acetylene gas generated, the addition of carbid has the primarypurpose of heightening the temperature to the degree necessary for thegeneration of gas from lime and colophony. The explanation for thedevelopment of a sufficiently-high temperature will be found in the factthat calcium carbid and calcium monoxid produce in their combustion withwater such an elevation of temperature that under certain conditionseven heat it to a phase of incandescence. The carbid therefore adds tothe gas-generating mass new calories, which procure gas generation incombination with the calories liberated in the slaking of the lime, sothat a real distillation of the colophony takes place in the presence ofalkali. While fifty grams of calcium carbid produce from ten to thirteenliters of acetylene gas, the present in vention t", e., the employmentof lime and colophonygenerates from the same mass of carbid about fiftyto sixty liters of a brightly-illuminating gas.

The following per cent. composition of the mixture has been found toyield the most favorable result 2 calcium monoxid, eighty parts;colophony, ten parts; calcium carbid, five parts.

The above proportion may be altered, in accordance with the requirementsof practice, according to special proportions Without interfering withthe invention proper.

The gas generated from the mixture of calcium monoxid and colophony canbe carbureted still more-i. 6., the illuminating power of the same canbe enhanced by any of the usual carbureting processes by passing the gasthrough liquid carbureters, petroleum ether, benzene, and otherhydrocarbons.

For the production of the above-described gas any kind of ordinarygas-generator, preferably those used for the generation of acetylenegas, may be employed.

An analysis has given the following results per liter of gas: Acetylene,(O H two hundred and seventy cubic centimeters; nonsaturatedhydrocarbons, (OnH n,) three hundred and ninety-two cubic centimeters;carbonic acid, (00 sixteen cubic centimeters;

carbonic oxid, (00,) 2.5 cubic centimeters; oxygen, (0,) five cubiccentimeters; saturated hydrocarbons, (OnH n+2,) 314.5 cubic centimeters.

I claim-- The herein-described processconsisting in mixing calciummonoxid, colophony and calcium carbid, and treating the mixture withwater.

In witness whereof I. have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

ETTORE DE FAZI.

Witnesses:

G. W. GANARTH, ROBERT B. HANDLEY.

